The Globalization of Service Marketing Essay Example for Free

The Globalization of Service Marketing EssayNowadays, the globalization pushes the profit marketing into the fierce competition. much(prenominal)over ,we support not avoid it ,because it influence every aspect of our lives. So many people think whether it is an opportunity or a challenge in this fierce competition? How Can they take use of the serve to dominate the marketplace. This essay will discuss how does the globalization affect the service marketing, how do the companies practise the service in the globalization? The overview There is no doubt that the rapid progress in science and technology improve the quality of the products. nevertheless because of the share technology, there is not much difference between the products.And with the change of demand,the service marketing are playing an important role in the market . moreover , with the development of the globalization,no one can say that goods can live without service. The basically and most important is that t he services are driving the development of the economy and contribute jobs for many people. For example, in the USA, services now services now accounted for 74 percent of US gross domestic products.And in 1970s service jobs accounted for 55 percent of all jobs, today it account for 82 percent of total employment . The idea in tangible The impact of globalization on service marketing is very obvious ,such as Wall Mart ? Carrefour ? McDonald ? Kentucky , they are affected by the globalization. Now they open the branches all over the world, in our Mian Yang we also can see their branches. So their service around the world Therefore, other companies should know how to manage the service in the globalization, and improve the quality of service to meet the customer.Firstly, the company must know that the globalization of service marketing brings risks and opportunities. They must to be familiar with the new market. furthermore,In order to satisfy the customers, maintain the customers and their fealty , the company must identify the potential customers and their different services demand, especially those 20% customers which can bring 80% of a companys profits. secondly ,different people have different demand,different people from different places have different culture .That is to say, the company must develop a service delivery organisation that standardizes the service offering. Thirdly, the company will be given greater in the use of promotional techniques to development the new market, so the advertisement and the internet can do it. The ads as a medium can give information with clear and definite objectives. It also can transmit message about the products. in a higher place all ,the ads create a good image of the company and attract the customers to buy products. As for the internet, it always plays an important role in the service.The internet provides a very well-to-do way in the service marketing, No matter where and when, the internet service marketin g can do it, it make the service more efficiency . For example, Tao Bao is good online shopping platform, we are glad to buy on the Tao Bao . The Payoff It is obviously that the globalization affects the service marketing greatly. The companies focus on the proficient in the product, it can promote the sales, at the same time, it also improves the quality of service.And for the service delivery system, it meet different demands, make the customers feel well, in the yearn run ,those customers is our honest customers . he ad and internet is very important two parts in the service ,it make the service more convenient and efficiency. The customer satisfaction become the key in industry, and all the companies have to know, it is more important to focus on the customers, and the company must pay more attention to the quality control? good resources, The Close Economic globalization lead to the service marketing becomes a great global market the most important is that the service market ing has a huge market with big potential and wide prospect. The companies do not only care about the products they sell, but also concern about the customers, and they must care about the whole service process.All companies should size the opportunity of globalization to make use the technical resources to improve the quality of product. Besides the ad and internet must use for improving the image of company. In a word, the globalization influences the whole service process. The globalization makes the companies open their branches from here and there, the product spread the global, so the service around the world too.

British Post War Mass Housing Cultural Studies Essay

British Post fight Mass Housing Cultural Studies EssayIn this essay, I will focus primarily on accommodate constructed during the decade or so after the end of the Second World War as part of the progressive, experimental establishment of the Welfare State in Britain. Although housing was constructed riskyly by private developers on a fairly wide scale with varying degrees of success (Span schemes like New Ash atomic number 19 in Kent, by Eric Lyons being an obvious and commonly cited success story), it is social housing which is linked most fascinatingly to the evolving socio- economic landscape in Britain, as I shall demonstrate.Housing provision by the end of the war, particularly in urban centres, was considered inadequate, not only in quantity, unless in quality as well. War damage had impacted the quantity of housing stock, but additionally, much obsolete housing had been earmarked for demolition since before the war. Nicholas Taylor, writing in the AR in 1967, in a discus sion of what he called the failure of housing in the postwar period, cites the negative postwar reaction to the boom towns of the industrial revolution as the reason for this. In particular, he says, we have aimed to prevent epidemic diseases cholera, dysentery, rickets, scurvy, typhoid, all diseases which were propagated by overcrowding, by bad sanitation, by inadequate facilities for the preparation of food and by the pollution of nursing homes from next factories.Clearly, a commitment to addressing these public health issues must be commended what I will be discussing is whether the attempt to do so by the medium of housing, and specifically social housing, can be considered successful.It is important to understand at the outset the politically progressive nature of housing policy in the period, embedded as it is in the establishment of the Welfare State, which is based on the principles of, par of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life.1 Architecturally, the modernist desire expressed by Le Corbusier to provide an environment that was spiritually fulfilling, creating harmony between people and their surroundings and freeing communities from the misery of pathetic housing2 was perfectly in sync with the prevailing political commitment to decisively break away from unsanitary, overcrowded slums.I propose to discuss a handful of iconic/ notorious exercise studies of 50s and 60s mass housing, as they excite passionately polarized opinion and act as symbols for the wider debate.The first is viridity heap in Sheffield, built in 1960, which according to the Architectural Review (in 2011) marked the peak performance of Sheffields city architects office as run by J.K. Lewis Womersley, regarded by Nikolaus Pevsner as an outfit of study importance.3This building proved popular with its residents, who loved their flats and soon formed an effectiv e association. It was also much lauded in architectural circles Its size and hillside location made it the extremum example of streets in the air nationally, and for a decade or so it thronged with international visitors.4However, decline set in as the ideal of equality was eroded and social housing became the ghetto of a suppressed underclass, and the more than active, capable and employed were encouraged to buy themselves out, leaving the disadvantaged in possession. This is the key expressive style not only in this case, but across the country, and my desire is to understand whether this was a reflection on poor architecture, changes in society, or both(prenominal).In the case of approximate range Hill, a recent initiative, privately funded by the developer Urban Splash, to redevelop the building, has provoked fresh debate over its merits. A blog on the withstander website5 on the subject exemplifies this. One poster expressed typical views (my italics)As a foreigner from L eeds who has lived in Sheffield for 30 years I can indorse those who report that the people of Sheffield did not want approximate range Hill kept, and were mystified by the listing and bemused by the amounts of m unityy, some of it public money, being spend on this eyesore. The bright coloured panels are not an improvement. Anyone in Sheffield with the money to buy one of the penthouses would be much better advised to spend it in one of Sheffields leafy and affluent suburbs, of which we have many, which also often enjoy superb views, as Sheffield is very hilly.This poster neatly expresses a popular verdict on dense, cock-a-hoop scale urban social housing projects of the period, in which as long ago as 1967, It was easier to count the few unbroken panes of outfit glass on the staircases than the multitude which are cracked and splintered, and where economy on materials and inadequacy of detailing can be assessed as objective weaknesses, but what is perhaps more important is the subjective hatred of the tenants for the rough shuttered concrete that is thrust upon them.6Descriptions of inhumane proportions, undefined wastes, and, above all, women returning from the shops to be blown about amid the dire dinginess of rough shuttered concrete7 (my italics) crop up again and again in discussing schemes like Park Hill, Robin oaf Gardens, Red Road etcetera The posters views on the preferability of leafy and affluent suburbs to dense urban apartment typology for those who can afford it also reflect a lingering psychological scar in the popular psyche left by the memory of the descent of estates like Park Hill from sources of intense municipal socialist pride to dilapidated go down estates8, as though by their very nature they preclude the presence of a functional, prosperous community. Is this the case? If it is, how could surveys at Park Hill show that through the 1970s residents remained consistently loyal and generally happy.9 What caused the slide of schem es like Park Hill into dysfunctionality?The homebuilding drive, founded on the vision of spiritually uplifting accommodation for all, continued but the vision was damaged by lack of reform in the 1960s. Rather than opening up the low cost-balanced rented sector to supply the needs of a more wealthy and mobile universe of discourse, it narrowed to serve the restricted needs of wellbeing housing.10 This was a key error, and precipitated a vicious circle of decline.The 60s was a period of economic optimism, in which comparative affluence was accessible to many more families than previously. An aspirational desire among those in social housing developed to graduate to home ownership. Very large council estates, tower blocks in the cities and restrictive letting policies contrasted with the variety of choices available for home ownership. From the 1960s, the welfare characteristic (residualisation) of council housing began to develop as a stigma from which home ownership was the natur al escape.11The original dream of social housing as a living tapestry of a mixed community12 was replaced instead by welfare housing, which established a low cost rented stock but created deep social problems and lost the affections of the electorate. A different political vision could have avoided this. Pre-war restrictions, alteration public housing to the working classes had been repealed in the 1949 Housing Act, opening up a universally accessible rented council house sector. If public housing had remained just that, alternatively than seguing into welfare housing, the vicious circle of decline would have lacked the conditions to come into being. The living tapestry of a mixed community could have remained.With Park Hill and its cousins be as a matter of new policy increasingly by those on welfare, however, financial structures of dependency were deliberately imposed on social housing13. An lost quality grew as residents of the schemes became increasingly cast adrift from mai nstream society.A further strand to this narrative was playing out in the form of a cant over in the structure of the economy in Britain. Sheffield grew up producing steel, in the 18th century knives and tools, in the 19th century heavy industry, with a high population of low paid but skilled manual workers. As the 1970s drew to an end and Thatcher came to power, the shift in policy away from provision of low-priced social housing accelerated against a backdrop of an increasingly deindustrialized economy. The original inhabitants of the Park Hill and schemes like it, who had once been a proud working class, increasingly found themselves unemployed and without prospects of employment. It is certainly arguable that problems in residualized estates in decline, like Park Hill would have been exacerbated by the scale of social problems developing singly of housing policy.In the public imagination, then, the built fabric of the postwar years has not only become synonymous with social f ailure and breakdown, it is perceived as a cause of it. Failed buildings are pulled down, and it is easy to speculate that they are being made scapegoats for wider problems. Can an architectural defense be mounted for schemes like Park Hill, or Robin Hood Gardens?The latter is similar to the former a serpentine, high density block, this time inserted into an area of bomb damaged terraces (the standard scrap of working class England) in London. What the Smithsons architects wanted to achieve was intended to maintain community dynamics of the bombed out terraces rather than to replace them with something entirely different. However, what they had not expected, as Kenneth Frampton pointed out in his book Modern Architecture, a Critical History, was that three principal features of the by-law street would be absent in their proposed blocks first, the dynamics associated with dwellings on both sides of a street, secondly, the community life associated with the street at ground level, a nd thirdly, the backyard, which played a crucial role in by-law housing and the life of its communities. 14Robin Hood Gardens, then, contained inherently flawed logic. But the flaws were shared by Park Hill, which prospered during a period when it wasnt handicapped by other factors. Park Hill is commonly described as the largest listed building in Europe and the largest listed brutalist or 60s building. In fact, says Owen Hatherley, its none of those things, with all those titles being taken by Londons Barbican estate a place that, like Park Hill, is full of bare concrete, open space, urban density, walkways, social and the separation of pedestrian and car. One is a problem that apparently had to be solved the other one of Londons most prestigious addresses. Why? The obvious reason is that one is council housing and the other, from the very start, was built as private housing. Accordingly, the Barbican has always been cleaned and cared for Park Hill has been left to rot.15Physically , the Barbican is a close relative of a Park Hill, or a Robin Hood Gardens. Socially, though it bears more resemblance to Park Lane. This constitutes evidence against the argument that the decline into dysfunction of large, dense postwar urban social housing developings was an inevitable consequence of poor mark.Further support from this dapple comes from a comparison between Park Hill and many of todays luxury apartment developments. Park Hill was accused of being disconnected from the surrounding fabric, insulate its inhabitants from the life of the city at large but what of the urban regeneration of the last few years in the light of the financial crisis? What do the speculative redevelopments of inner cities look like now? They have become the new ruins of Great Britain. These places have ruination in abundance partly because of the way they were ever surrounded by the derelict and un-regenerated, whether rotting industrial remnants or the giant retail and entertainment sh eds of the 80s and 90s partly because they were often so badly built, with pieces of render and woodland frequently flaking off within less than a year of completion but partly because they were so often empty, in every sense. Empty of architectural inspiration, empty of social hope or idealism, and often empty of people, Clarence Dock and Glasgow Harbour had a hard time filling their minimalist microflats with either buyers or buy-to-let investors.16We can begin to see that although marketed and branded differently, contemporary developer led, aspirational urban regeneration, may in fact suffer from similar or worse problems relating to its context as the maligned social schemes of the postwar period. Think of Glasgow Harbour, stranded by the Clyde and cut off from the city by the Clydeside Expressway. Worse, analysis of the flats themselves reveals a shocking inferiority in ground of space standards in contemporary developments compared to the 60s schemes.The logic was straightf orward says the Architectural Review in its analysis of Park Hills original preparedness principles a slab block up to 13 stories high and about 10m wide would permit a habitable room each side and centrally serviced bathrooms, while gallery access was preferred to a double loaded corridor. By making maisonettes with internal staircases it was possible for one gallery to serve 3 floors. Greatest design ingenuity went into planning interlocking flats of different sizes, making best use of the limited space. space standards now seem generous, in relation to the products of mass house builders17. This, they note, is still legal logic if you accept the inevitability of flats for high densities in urban situations, as exist in cities worldwide.Even much admired contemporary schemes, like the Panter Hudspith development at Bear Lane in London, feature double loaded internal deck access, permitting only single aspect flats, with cramped accommodation barely their skin is considered at tractive, and they are praised, despite inferior circulation and planning principles.Before concluding, I wish to note that whilst I have tried to demonstrate that it is impossible to diabolic the general failure of British postwar social housing on its architecture, there is still a world of difference in quality between the Red Road scheme, for example, and a Lasdun or Lubetkin scheme. Lasdun, even within tight budgetary constraints and a density target set by the local council of cc people per square acre, managed to apply intelligence and subtlety to his designs for Keeling House, Bethnal Green in 1958 for example the scale of the 14 floors was purposely designed to reflect the two stratum brick terraces around it, essentially like a row of houses tipped up on its end.18 This is architecture as we are taught it thoughtful, embedded in context. We should remember as well that Park Hill is no simple monolith inserted carelessly into Sheffield. Its very form is a response to spe cific topography, with its well known horizontal cap datum capping a 13 storey structure at the bottom of the hill and nuzzling into a street of Victorian villas at four storeys at the top.In conclusion, there is never an excuse for bad design although the fact that mass social housing in Britain ultimately failed is, in the end, not due to design at all, but to policy.

The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Disorder Health And Social Care Essay

The Polycystic ovarian Syndrome Dis effect Health And Social Cargon EssayWomen of all ages postulate been faced with chores associated with gynecological issues. Particularly young women of childbearing years have dealt with distempers of the generative system. These disorders have lead to long term health problems. These disorders involve amenorrhea, infertility, hirsutism, and jumbo polycystic ovaries. It was non until the 1930s did these problems seem to have a viable solution. Two scientists, Irving Stein and Michael Leventhal unearthed the occurrence thats when women with these disorders had ovarian biopsies done, they began to menstruate regularly.1PCOS is defined as an ductless gland interruption that casefuls primarily anovulation and polycystic ovaries due to the continued stimulation of the ovary by pituitary luteinizing hormone. Its symptoms include infertility, obesity, acne, hirsutism, hair loss, insulin resistance and polycystic ovaries. Other symptoms include decreased sex drive, proud cholesterin levels, exhaustion or lack of mental alertness, imprint and anxiety, sleep apnea, and thyroid gland problems.3However, some of these symptoms such as un ask body hair will search on that particular persons genetic makeup. For example, Asiatic people ar non very hairy, so Chinese women with PCOS r bely suffer from this symptom whereas people from the Mediterranean have much to a greater extent hair, so this is likely to be an indication. PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects approximately seven percent of all women. In fact it is the closely common among women.Its astonishing how often young women ar witnessed at medical doctors office with health issues that stinker be followed back to insulin resistance. Insulin ohmic resistance lies at the core of Polycystic ovarian Syndrome by averting the efficient conversion of food into energy be do carrel walls have develop de-sensitized to insulin. As a result, insulin levels in the squ andererstream become severely unbalanced, leading to an spread in free-floating glucose which is sent to the liver and transformed to excess body fat. These compriseation consequent in encumbrance acquire and obesity. Furtherto a greater extent, insulin resistance fecal matter lead to more serious problems such as cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes.4Because these symptoms vary so extensively, doctors whitethorn subdued misdiagnose PCOS. In fact eight out of ten women with polycystic ovarian syndrome could have insulin resistance, resulting in higher than traffic pattern insulin levels which may act on the ovaries by change magnitude male hormones.5Polycystic ovarian Syndrome is one circumstance seen with increasing rates of reoccurrence. Five to ten percent of women of childbearing age be affected by PCOS. Stein-Leventhal Syndrome can transpire at any age prior to menopause. Women can go months without being diagnosed, because warning signs coincide with so many for mer(a) womens health issues.PCOS is apart(p) to some women yet it causes a multiplicity of symptoms that has an impact on female reproductive health in many approaches that can be truly overwhelming. Although PCOS affects the reproductive system, it is imperative to understand that PCOS is an endocrine disorder. Proteins atomic weigh 18 secreted or released in to the derivationstream promptly. These atomic number 18 know as hormones.Circadian rhythms or the bodys normal, every mean solar day regularity are synchronized by those hormones. Hormonal substances include metabolism of mineral deposits, reactions to stress, sexual performance, reproduction, and management of fluids. Endocrine glands such as pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas and ovaries produce hormones in women. When on that point are glitches and breakdowns in the hormonal development, the fair sexs body is significantly disturbed.Women with Stein-Leventhal Syndrome have ovaries that created p rofusion of follicles to each one month without giving off an egg. PCOS can play a berth in irregular periods, excessive weight gain despite the effort of diet and exercise. Acne and excessive facial hair are withal caused by the syndrome. It is in any case the most common cause of infertility in the United States.PCOS is often a short-term, yet in can lead to life-long illnesses. For example, young girls are seen going by puberty when their ovaries are trying to set a regular menstrual cycle. It is also noticed in women during the years of transition to perimenopause. Polycystic ovarian Syndrome is temporary entirely can lead to insulin resistance. This leads to nonstop high levels of insulin in the bloodstream. It is possible that this extra insulin glitches onto the receptors lining the ovary and quickens cyst production. This is an issue that should be monitored because women with insulin resistance have a great hazard of developing other(a) serious health problems, lik e diabetes, bone marrow disease, and metabolic syndrome.6Many case studies have shown that women from adolescents to adults are not diagnosed until they want to become pregnant or when they have other health issues. Women should be treated as soon as possible particularly when put on the lines are shown such as infrequent menstrual cycles, weight gain, and facial hair. The advantage will be that the venture of long-term health problems such as obesity and diabetes do not occur.Age is not a grammatical constituent because case studies have shown that girl as young as nine years old have been diagnosed with the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome or Polycystic Ovaries. Regular menstrual periods are lively in order to avoid osteoporosis and sustain the defensive effects of estrogen in a different emplacement body. Therefore more young women should be exposed to polycystic ovarian syndrome so that they can be tested in order to avoid further complications from diseases. odd untreated, PCOS can lead to detriment that occurs with such diseases.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is not a disease but a disorder that no one is definite nearly what causes it in the first place. A disorder is a pathological condition that presents a group of symptoms peculiar to it and that sets the condition apart as an atypical entity differing from other normal or pathological body states. In short, a disorder is curable through medicine and treatment, whereas a disease is not.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a admittedly illustration of the domino theory, which states that if one act or event is allowed to state place in that locationfore a serial publication of similar events will follow. PCOS is a curable disorder, leading to other curable disorders then soon falls into the incurable category. It is a chain reaction. Starting with PCOS it continues, causing skin and thyroid disorders and sleep apnea, then it leads to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It is also essential to understan d that PCOS causes stress and mental disorders.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is more than an endocrine disorder. Also known as the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome, it is a systemic disorder. This core that instead of affecting one somatic part of the body, it affects other systems as well, including the Integumentary System, Central Nervous System, and Lymphatic System. Stein-Leventhal Syndrome goes beyond being a indwelling condition. It causes emotional and cognitive distress, affecting every aspect of life.As an endocrine disorder, diabetes is the most common occurrence in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. In particular, mellitus diabetes is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by hyperglycemia, which is the increase of blood sugar. It is also set apart by glycosuria, which is presence of sugar in the urine. It results from in tolerable production or engagement of insulin.The basic cause of diabetes is unknown but direct cause is failure of beta cells of the pancreas to sec rete an adequate amount of insulin. Beta cells are cells of islets of the pancreas that secrete insulin. In most instances, diabetes mellitus is the result of genetic disorder, but it may also result from a deficiency of beta cells caused by inflammation, malignant invasion of the pancreas or surgery. In the absence insulin, glycogenesis and glycolysis are inversely affected. It is currently thought that insulin acts primarily at the cell membrane, facilitating transport of glucose into cells.PCOS influences the integumentary system causing alterations in the skin, consisting of the corium and dermis, and epidermis. It is also known for its manipulation on the skin and its appendage, including the hair and nails. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is known for causing acne, pimples, and oily skin. Other common conditions include skin tags, which are duncish lumps of skin. These lumps darken and thicken around the neck, groin, underarms and skin folds, which can be easily removed by a derm atologist.Approximately half of the women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome have a skin crisis, however, only a few of these women will suffer from scalp hair thinning or lost. There are deuce studies, A yard Cases of PCOS (Eden and Warren, 1999) and The Resistant Acne Study (Eden, 1991), that demonstrates vital details. PCOS is commonly found among women with acne, especially severe acne. According to doctors, there seem to be a correlation between excess body hair and blood androgen levels, but little or no evidence to prove the severity of this correlation. Hormonal therapies are powerful in treatment of these conditions irrespective of whether or not there is an identifiable hormonal issue.7Hair is made of Keratin, which is a protein. Hair strands will grow interminable and longer as this protein is release into the root of the hair. Hair extends from the sebaceous follicle and each follicle has a growth cycle. Disturbance in androgen-estrogen balance affects the n sebaceous g lands, causing acne. change magnitude secretion of androgens causes an increase in size and activity of the pilosebaceous glands. This causes vitamin deficiencies which trigger problems of the skin. PCOS relationship with the integumentary system explains the relevance of Hirutism.Infertility is the number one cause of women being diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Infertility is characterized by the inability or diminished ability to produce offspring. Most factors responsible for infertility includes immature or abnormal reproductive systems, anomalies of other organ in that vicinity, infections, endocrine dysfunction and emotional problems.Studies have shown that the Stein-Leventhal syndrome or PCOS is associated with sleep apnea. Research is now proving that hormone imbalances caused by Insulin Resistance and PCOS predisposes women to additional heath problems. One such problem is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), the un compriseled closure of the upper airway which cause s one to stop breathing musical composition sleeping. Sleep disorder can therefore, negatively influence and/or slow down the most basic physiological functioning, triggering a ripple-effect throughout the body. Studies show that women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome have an exceptionally high risk of sleep apnea. Women are normally not awakened by the repeated nightly episodes, but others awake with the sleep together of being choked or asphyxiated. Symptoms of Sleep Apnea include chronic loud snoring, gasping/choking episodes during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness and personality changes.8Women with PCOS have an exceptionally high risk of sleep apnea. Increased weight and obesity may play a significant role. High Body Mass Index plays a role to an insulin imbalance that results in a flow of problems related to Insulin Resistance, the inability of the body to effectively manage glucose. Because of a series of biochemical errors, insulin is unable to successfully carry to ce lls, reducing its ability to transfer glucose into those cells to be converted into energy. This causes a buildup of both insulin and glucose in the blood that contributes to the gathering of plaque in blood vessels.Studies also intend that Insulin Resistance may be a solid risk factor than excessive testosterone in the incidence of PCOS. In a controlled study, women with PCOS were thirty times more likely to suffer from sleep disordered breathing and reported higher frequencies of daytime sleepiness than the control group.Researchers also found that while testosterone levels between the two groups were parallel their fasting plasma insulin levels were significantly higher, indicating that sleep apnea might suggest an insulin-related endocrine abnormality.9These findings further confirm the affiliation between PCOS, Insulin Resistance and higher incidences of diabetic conditions.10Some women who suffer from PCOS also correlates with factors such as high cholesterol. These victims are at a great risk of high LDL levels. This is commonly known as the bad cholesterol. Disregarding this condition can lead to strokes and heart eruptions. In addition, women with PCOS frequently obtain low levels of HDL. This is known as the good cholesterol. pathetic levels of the good cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Hence, the lower the levels of LDL are and the greater the HDL levels are, there is a slim chance of disability to the cardiovascular disease.Women with the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome are almost twice as likely to experience atherosclerosis. It is characterized by a variable combination of changes of the intima of arteries, consisting of the focal accumulation of lipids, complex carbohydrates, blood and blood products, fibrous tissue and calcium deposits, and associated with changes in the media of arteries.Atherosclerotic plaques are of two major types. One is characterized by the prominent proliferation of cells with small accumulation of l ipids. The other is distinguished by its makeup of intracellular and extracellular lipid accumulation and a small amount of cellular proliferation. The causes of atherosclerosis are unknown. However, other risk factors include hypertension, cigarette smoking, and stress. Family history also plays an important role.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome helps contribute to the number one killer of women in the United States, which is coronary heart disease. incessant high levels of insulin are produced in the pancreas. This it is liberated into the circulatory system. These high levels of insulin lead to obesity and hypertension, which are both antecedents of heart disease.As insulin connects to artery walls, it impairs the tissue, causing the primeval wrongfulness that generates plaque. Hence, having PCOS causes a drastic transformation in the blood lipids and overall health of the cardiovascular system that plays a role in the development of coronary heart disease. Suggestions for reducing heart disease are primarily the same as decreasing insulin resistance.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome leads to lifelong diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. The barrage of these diseases only declines the womans health even more and normally leads to her cause of death. There is a strong correlation between the Stein and Leventhal Syndrome and endometrial cancer. There is also a proportional relationship between PCOS and cholesterol levels that can eventually lead to some type of cardiovascular dysfunction.The endometrial cancer is very important when discussing Polycystic Ovaries. The endometrium is the inside(a) layer of the uterus and is made up of tissue that is loaded in blood vessels. Every month the lining of a menstruating woman is actual in arrangement for a potential pregnancy. If a pregnancy does not occur then the lining will shed. Endometrial cancer is developed inside the uterus. As stages develop it broaden beyond the borders of the pelvis. Endometria l cancer usually is curable. However factors such as the stage and outcome of hormones on the cancer can establish each individuals prognosis.Women with the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome do have a greater risk for developing endometrial cancer, while small. The woman is at a greater risk the more irregular or absent her cycle is. During the normal menstrual, the lining of the uterus or endometrium is open to elements like hormones, including estrogen. This causes the lining to proliferate and thicken. When ovulation does not sweep up place, which is usual in PCOS, the endometriun does not shed and is exposed to greater amounts of estrogen, which causes the endometrium to grow much more than normal. This is what enhances the likelihood of cancer cells beginning to cultivate.11Women with Stein Leventhal Syndrome or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome experience psychological effects that are minimal while most women may experience moderate to severe effects. Women with this disorder can lead to d iseases such as obesity and diabetes which affect the entire body. Depression can also develop in patients with PCOS. Most women who experience PCOS need emotional and social life. This support is needed to deal constructively with the impact that this have on their lives.Studies have shown that a strong network of family and friends is a tremendous asset to have. This network enhances patients with PCOS to get through to win the battle for a healthy lifestyle. The endocrine gland relative to the hormone issue can cause depression to evolve. PCOS causes a decrease of vital function causing mental depression characterized by altered moods. Significant weight gain usually occurs with PCOS and sometimes worthlessness, self-reproach or excessive guilt. For example, women may feel guilt or distressed when they are unable to produce offspring or they are infertile.Stress can occur when demands of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are placed for a woman to adjust or adopt. Stress is a major ri sk factor for illnesses and diseases. The body reacts to stress in a series of stages known as the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), which involves three stages alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Studies show that stress lowers the bodys resistance to disease by weakening the resistive system. Events seem to be more stressful when they involve pressure, a lack of control, unpredictability, and intense or repeated emotional shocks.Stress is intensified when a situation is perceived as a threat and when a person does not feel competent to cope with it. The bodys reactions to stress can directly damage internal organs and stress impairs the bodys immune system, increasing susceptibility to disease. The impact of life changes on long range susceptibility to illness. Intense or prolonged stress may cause damage in the form of psychosomatic problems, including heart attacks, strokes, etc.Stress is often the start Insulin Resistance, which contributes to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. More insulin is secreted when women eat foods that are high in sugar, fat, and carbohydrates. As sugar or glucose levels ascend in reply to stress, they fuel the production of insulin. This has a large amount of depressing affects. It uphold the synthesis of cholesterol, which a cause dysfunction of the kidneys and high blood pressure. Furthermore, hormones used to respond to excess insulin, such as noradrenalin, are stress-related chemicals that are responsible for raising blood pressure and storing fats.In addition to stress factors, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is deeply linked to pathophysiology , Alzheimers disease, indications of depression and other mental disorders. The evidence underlying the theory of Alzheimers disease includes neuro-endocrine conditions described in both disorders and test show that increased levels of glucose in the blood stream and decreased cerebral blood flow in specific areas of the brains of patients put them at risk for Alzheimers disease. Scientists a lso found that Alzheimer patients had better memory after increased doses of glucose in the blood stream.Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome experience depression and mood swings. A study found that women with PCOS are more likely to develop depression or depressive symptoms. This may have some relationship with the psychological and metabolic effects of obesity. Depression is a severe mood disorder which may or may not affect the way that people function in their daily life.12These functions include encumbrance with sleeping, changes on eating habits, lost of interest in sex and activities and physical pains.Further research is needed but since there has been some studies that linked depression to Diabetes, thus to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Diabetic women who have twice the risk of being depressed have shown improvement when they received therapy. Natalie Rasgons study showed that women with PCOS are depressed not just only because of the symptoms but also because of underly ing biology.Proper management of polycystic ovary syndrome primarily concentrates on each womans main concerns. Each womans symptoms differ, so it ranges from indications such as infertility, hirsutism, acne or obesity. Long term, which is the most important aspect of treatment, is managing cardiovascular risks such as obesity, high blood cholesterol, diabetes and high blood pressure. Other symptoms need to be rid as well such as depression, stress, and mental or emotional disorders.Treatment options vary based on the doctor and patient. Often times, the diagnosing is solved by simple methods but sometimes the solution or treatment is complex. Many times oral contraceptives are prescribed because they are effective for regulating menstrual cycles. It is also known for the reduction of male hormones and minimizing the risks of uterine cancer. Weight lost diets and other ovulation medications are recommended for treatment.The most common treatment for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is or al contraceptives, also known as birth control oral contraceptive pills. Oral contraceptives help maintain periods, a reduced amount of unwanted hair, clearer skin, and other remediation benefits. Oral contraceptive pills can help to normalize the menstrual period in order that the cycle comes about every twenty eight days. Normally, the pill causes lighter cycles as well.Oral contraceptive pills can lower androgen hormone levels and lessen the amount of excess hair growth, or hirsutism. It can take six months before there is a decrease in unwanted hair on the face, chest, back and stomach. Oral contraceptive pills can improve acne. The hormones in most types of the Pill can help stop acne from forming. Because there is less menstrual bleeding with the use of oral contraceptive pills, women taking the Pill are less likely to become anemic. Oral contraceptive pills also decrease your chance of getting endometrial (lining of the uterus) cancer, ovarian cancer, and ovarian cysts, whi ch are all factors of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.A recent study uncovered another treatment for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. There was a case where a 35 year old woman was suffering from Amenorrhea, acne on the face and chest, and habitual abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with Polycystic Ovaries. Her doctor prescribed D-pinitol with a dosage of 600mg twice a day. The prescribed D-pinitol supplement resulted in normal menstruation and resolved the acne and abdominal pains. D-pinitol or 3-O-methyl-D-chiro-inositol is also found in foods such as legumes and citrus fruits as an effective supplement for the treatment of PCOS.(Gaby,2009)D-Pinitol can develop glucose metabolism and help intensify cellular energy. Furthermore, its increase prolongs energy output by improving glucose metabolism. In other words, this medication mimics the hormone insulin. Thus, this medicine can regulate insulin levels, prohibiting the trigger of Diabetes and other metabolic factors.13Losing weight is also a well-known solution that reduces certain hormones that curb or eliminate the gibbousness of male hormones. Progestins (synthetic progesterones) which increase ovulation are often used to decrease certain hormones. Insulin-sensitizing anti-diabetic drugs can be used to decrease the presence of Stein Leventhal Syndrome or PCOS. Anti-androgens are used to stop the androgen increase which is a form of a male hormone. Treatment or non-treatment may have psychological effects.In order to take control of weight, it is suggested to choose nutritious, high-fiber carbohydrates instead of syrupy or refined carbohydrates. Also, it is necessary to balance carbohydrates with protein and healthy fats. One should eat small meals and snacks throughout the day instead of large meals. Most importantly, exercising regularly will help manage insulin levels and weight levels.Other solutions to PCOS include non-steroidal agents, such as Clomiphene and Gunastotropin, which are used to stimulate ovulati on in women who have potentially functioning pituitary and ovarian systems. Women treated with this medicine who become pregnant have an increased incidence of multiple births.Gunastotropin is a hormone produced by the fetal placenta that maintains the function of the corpus luteum. The purpose of the hormone is to induce ovulation in infertility that is caused by in adequate stimulation of the ovary by endogenous gunastotropic hormones. These are hormones produced by anterior lobe of the hypophysis, which includes the follicle-stimulating hormone and the luteinizing hormone.14Herbs and Vitamins are also considered in order to promote a more natural approach to treat Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Chromium, B vitamins, zinc and Magnesium are just some of the vitamins that are affected by Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and are needed to maintain a healthy body and lifestyle. For example, Magnesium levels have been found to be low in people with diabetes and there is a strong link between magnesium deficiency and insulin resistance. It is, therefore, an important mineral to include when Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is involved.Chromium is an extremely important mineral when discussing PCOS. It helps to encourage the formation of glucose tolerance factor which is a substance released by the liver and required to make insulin more efficient. A deficiency of chromium can lead to insulin resistance, which is a key problem in the case of PCOS too much insulin can be circulating but it is unable to control blood sugar levels. Chromium is the most wide researched mineral used in the treatment of overweight. It helps to control cravings and reduces hunger. Chromium also helps to control fat and cholesterol in the blood.Vitamins B2, B3, B5 and B6 are particularly useful for peremptory weight. Vitamin B2 helps to turn fat, sugar and protein into energy. B3 is a component of the glucose tolerance factor, which is released every time blood sugar rises, and vitamin B3 helps to k eep the levels in balance. Vitamin B5 has been shown to help with weight loss because it helps to control fat metabolism. B6 is also important for maintaining hormone balance and, together with B2 and B3, is necessary for normal thyroid hormone production. Any deficiencies in these vitamins can affect thyroid function and consequently affect the metabolism. The B vitamins are also essential for the liver to convert your old hormones into harmless substances, which can then be excreted from the body.Zinc is an important mineral for appetite control and a deficiency can cause a loss of taste and smell, creating a need for stronger-tasting foods, including those that are saltier, sugary and/or spicier often more fattening, Zinc is also necessary for the correct action of many hormones, including insulin, so it is extremely important in balancing blood sugar. It also functions together with vitamins A and E in the manufacture of thyroid hormone.15Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, also known as PCOS and the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome is one of the most perilous of endocrine and hormonal disorders that a woman can undergo. It inflicts disorder in a number of vicinities of the human body. It varies from infertility and skin conditions to Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. These instances lead to a number of cardiovascular diseases.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is depicted by excessive high levels of insulin initiated by Insulin Resistance. This is a circumstance that stops the effective change of food into energy, simply because it causes the cell wall to be negligent toward insulin. Insulin allows sugar, or glucose to permeate the cell wall and be transformed into energy. Instead of the insulin going through the cell wall, it stays there allowing a large amount of insulin to penetrate into the bloodstream. This will inflate hormone stages to an extent to where it causes the woman to be really unhealthy.When this occurs, glucose, or blood sugar, stays in the blood stream, which make its high levels be transported to the liver. When the sugar makes it to the liver, it is then turned into fat and stored all over the body. In essence, this course of action leads to obesity and weight gain. Insulin that floats freely in the body can clog the lining of the arteries, which causes atherosclerosis. It is depicted as a harmful upsurge that proliferate the danger to the cardiovascular system, allowing strokes and heart attacks to occur.The extreme, unnecessary amounts of insulin levels that are related to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome also arouse the ovaries to release irregular levels of testosterone. These are particularly male hormones that can stop the ovaries from secreting an egg each month. This causes the woman to be infertile, or unable to conceive children. Women who suffer from the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome also have a higher risk of getting diabetes. The development of diabetes increases womens chance of having cardiovascular disease. Researchers have prov ed that women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome have a much greater risk of developing heart trouble than women who do not have it.When testosterone levels are at its peak, women with the Stein-Leventhal Syndrome have excessive hair growth or increasingly male features. Testosterone levels affect patterns of baldness and other conditions such as acne. Obesity is a huge fundamental cause of Polycystic Ovaries. Stress develops in the cardiovascular system when weight increases.The weight gain causes the lungs and the heart to work harder in order that there is a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body that is oxygenated. Also, an increase in LDL, which is bad cholesterol and low levels of good cholesterol, HDL, amplifies the risk of heart attack and stroke. Because of the variety of possible symptoms, diagnosis can be a complex and lengthy proce

Spelen De spelontwikkeling

Spelen De spelontwikkelingDe spelontwikkelingDe spelontwikkeling is belangrijk bij de ontwikkeling caravan de kleuter.Spelen is hot up onderzoeken en ontdekken, hot up up(p) leren kennen van de wereld op een manier put across het signifier zelf kiest. het up(p) bepaalt wat het wil doen en hoe. heated up human body met een normale ontwikkeling kan materiaal manipuleren, een betekenis geven eraan, een fantasiespel beleven, Waarom en hoe?Onder dit hoofdstuk wil ik graag beschrijven waarom spelen zo belangrijk is en hoe het spelen dan wel verloopt bij kleuters. Er is ook steeds een stukje voorzien digital audiotape het spelen bij kleuters met autisme beschrijft en de problemen hierbij. Mogelijke oplossingen komen aan bod in het praktijkgedeelte.Tijdens het spel leert het engaging zichzelf, materiaal en de omgeving kennen. Spelen helpt het assortment verder evolueren op verschillende vlakken.Door spelen wordt de cognitie van het kind gestimuleerd. Dit wil ik graag even toenail lichten vanuit enkele voorbeelden. Als we nu vb. winkeltje spelen nader bekijken, zien we dat kinderen voortdurend bezig zijn met het nabootsen van situaties uit het dagelijks leven van volwassenen. Ze leren het materiaal kennen in hun winkel en worden gestimuleerd in hun taalontwikkeling. Ze geven namen aan de voorwerpen uit de winkel en hun denken wordt steeds complexer. Zo weet het kind op den duur dat wanneer je iets koopt dat je daarvoor geld moet in de plaats geven. Nog posterior wordt er zelfs een bepaalde hoeveelheid aan een voorwerp toegekend. Een ander voorbeeld is moedertje spelen. het kind leert waarvoor voorwerpen crumplenen zoals een fopspeen, papfles, luier e.d. en leert de voorwerpen ook op een juiste manier manipuleren. Kinderen die vb. een speelgoedstofzuiger hebben thuis leren die ook gebruiken voor de juiste handelingen. Opmerkelijk hierbij is wanneer oudere kleuters door hebben dat bepaald speelgoed niet voldoet aan de werkelijkheid. Vbn. hierbij een car waa rbij de deurtjes niet open kunnen, een pop waarvan de benen niet kunnen plooien of een brandweerman waarbij de hoed ontbreekt.Kinderen met autisme kunnen op deze foutjes sterk gefixeerd worden en zo heel wat stress ondervinden. heated up kind met autisme die dan ook nog eens een type 2-kind is, kan heel wat moeite ondervinden met het benoemen van speelgoed of het herkennen ervan. Soms weten ze niet waarvoor iets dient of wat ze ermee kunnen doen. Ze kunnen zich moeilijker bezig houden met het materiaal. Op die manier wordt de cognitie ook niet of weinig gestimuleerd en leert het kind geen verbanden leggen. Dit kan erg nadelig worden naar de zelfstandigheid toe in de toekomst.Bij het spel wordt ook de motoriek verbeterd. het kind moet zich verplaats om iets te grijpen, het springt, loopt, manipuleert, kleurt, . zowel fijne, grove als gerichte motoriek worden gestimuleerd. Gellustreerd met enkele voorbeelden zoals juffrouw spelen en garagist zien we dat het kind veel in beweging is. Het deelt boekjes en potloden uit of rijdt met autootjes rond. De juf zal op het bord iets schrijven (grove kleutertekening) en de garagist zal zijn autos mooi parkeren in de garage. Het kind leert doegericht te bewegen om autos te nemen en mooi te plaatsen waar het wil. Het voorbereidend schrijven kan deels geoefend worden door het eerste voorbeeld. realise zoals bij de stimulatie van de cognitie zien we ook bij de motoriek dat het kind met autisme geremd wordt. Het doelbewust bewegen verloopt niet vlot of levert weinig resultaat op. Het kind weet niet goed wat te doen of weet met zichzelf geen houding te nemen. Daarbij komt dat er veel kleuters met autisme zijn die ook een motorische beperking hebben.Naast de voorgaande worden ook heel wat sociale vaardigheden geoefend tijdens het spel. Het kind leert vriendjes in het spel betrekken, het leert met andere woorden samen spelen. Het kind moet materiaal gaan delen of leert vragen naar speelgoed. Het leert vriendjes maken, leert fair zijn tegen everywhere andere kinderen, communicatie wordt geoefend en het kind leert zichzelf uiten tegenover anderen. Onder communicatie kunnen we het taalbegrip situeren, maar ook het durven aanspreken van anderen, de mimiek en andere lichaamstaal. De kleuter leert het aangeleerd gewenst gedrag stellen tegenover andere kleuters.Ook op dit punt kunnen we enkele zaken opmerken bij de kleuter met autisme. De sociale vaardigheden laten vaak te wensen over. Het kind is niet in staat om op een normale manier contact te maken. Het weet zich niet op een gepaste manier te gedragen. Soms blijft de spraak ook uit, wat het allemaal nog moeilijker maakt. Het kind kijkt een ander bijna niet aan, kan zich moeilijk verplaatsen in wat die andere wil en kan zichzelf moeilijk duidelijk maken. Het contact nemen verloopt niet spontaan en is eerder aangeleerd of gekopieerd van volwassenen en andere kinderen.Naast deze punten is het fantasiespel noodzakelijk voor de ontwikkeling van het probleemoplossen d vermogen. Ik gebruik het woord noodzakelijk a.d.h.v. volgende veelzeggende voorbeelden. Willen we nu even de foutjes van bij de cognitieve stimulatie nemen, dan merken we op dat het kind met een normale ontwikkeling deze gemakkelijk oplost. Het beeld zich in dat de deurtjes van de wagen wl open gaan en dat er passagiers instappen, het denkt zelf een hoed op de brandweerman of verzint er een verhaaltje bij over een erge wind waardoor de brandweerman zijn hoed verloren is. Deze aspecten zijn helemaal niet storend voor het kind met een normale ontwikkeling. Het kan deze tekortkomingen gemakkelijk oplossen met wat fantasie. Deze fantasie is ook bij de meeste spelletjes aanwezig. Vb. postbode spelen, het kind verplaatst zich in de postbode en gebruikt een creatieve manier van denken om het spel in gang te steken. Het gebruikt papiertjes en krabbelt er wat op om brieven te hebben, het plakt er stickers op als postzegels en stempelt met een stempel van op papas werk. Een ander voorbeeld is wanneer het kind het spel van garagist projecteert naar zichzelf. Het kind wordt zelf de garagist en speelt niet met een figuurtjes met deze rol. De driewieler wordt een splinternieuwe auto of een supersnelle moto. Het voorstellingsvermogen werkt voortdurend.Bij het kind met autisme verloopt dit echter terug heel wat moeilijker. Het kind beschikt niet over dit probleemoplossend vermogen en kan zo geen spel starten. Het botst op problemen die het niet weet op te lossen. Het kind lijkt steeds naar een uiterste toe te gaan. Enerzijds merken we kleuters op die geen rol van een ander op zich kunnen nemen. Ze kunnen zich als het ware niet inleven in die andere persoon. Ze weten niet hoe die denkt of kan denken en wat de andere voelt. Anderzijds zijn er ook kinderen die in het fantasiespel niet kunnen begrenzen. Ze verplaatsen zich in een ander maar nemen dit zo sterk op dat ze er zelf in gaan geloven en kunnen op die manier moeilijk terug afstand van die rol nemen.Spelen is ook goed v oor de zelfontplooiing. De kleuter legt onbewust de eigen ervaringen in het spel, het speelt vb. een situatie uit de klas na. Het kind kan vb. straf gekregen hebben van de juf omdat het fout gedrag stelde en geeft dan in het spel ook straf aan een kind. Het is natuurlijk mogelijk dat de jonge kleuter nog niet goed beseft of gewoon niet meer weet waarom het straf geeft. Dit ontwikkeld zich meer naarmate de kleuter ouder wordt. Spelen is dus belangrijk bij de verwerking van dingen. Daarnaast wordt de persoonlijkheidsontwikkeling ook gestimuleerd op vlak van het eigen kennen en kunnen. Het kind leert het eigen lichaam kennen en krijg een zelfbeeld. Het zelfbesef zorgt ervoor dat het kind in staat is om zijn eigen grenzen te leren kennen en daarmee om te gaan. Het kind weet wat het kan en wat niet en probeert het kunnen uit te breiden of legt er zich bij neer dat het nog te klein is voor bepaalde dingen. Het kind leert als het ware omgaan met frustraties. Verder leert het kind ook zaken plannen en organiseren. Het maakt vb. alles klaar voor het spel winkeltje. Het maakt afspraken over wat er te koop zal zijn en wat niet. Het leert beslissingen nemen en inzicht krijgen in het belang ervan. Het kind wordt steeds zelfstandiger in het denken en doen.Kinderen met autisme zijn erg beperkt in het spel waardoor ook de zelfontplooiing deels geremd zal worden. Het verwerken van negatieve of positieve ervaringen verloopt vaak moeilijk omdat ze niet over het vermogen beschikken om te spelen. Ze kunnen moeilijker dingen een plaats geven in hun persoonlijkheid. Ze leven meer in een eigen wereld en nemen de wereld rondom hen niet zo nauw waar. Ze willen alles uniform houden en verleggen weinig grenzen. Ze kunnen zichzelf moeilijker stimuleren in het ontdekken van nieuwe dingen. Dit alles maakt het voor de kleuter met autisme heel wat moeilijker om te leven in onze wereld.Belangrijk aandachtspunt bij het spelen bij kinderen met autisme is dat het spelen in het MPIGO op een lage r niveau plaatsvindt daar de kinderen met autisme heel wat problemen ondervinden op de verschillende vlakken. Vanwege deze reden wil ik het spelen ook tijdens het aanbrengen van rekenvoorwaarden gaan aanbrengen. Het is de bedoeling dat ze iets mee kunnen nemen naar huis (in gedachten) en dus gaan leren spelen.PraktijkgedeelteIn het MPI SterrebosHet MPI Sterrebos besteedt zeer veel aandacht aan een goede aanpak voor kinderen met autisme. Dit is echter niet zo vanzelfsprekend. Geen enkel kind met autisme is gelijk aan een ander. Er wordt voor elk kind een behandelingsplan opgesteld, afhankelijk van de behoeften van het kind. Structuur blijft doorheen alle schooljaren een belangrijk punt waar steeds opnieuw aan gewerkt wordt. Dit om de ontwikkelingskansen van elk kind maximaal te benutten.Er wordt steeds een evenwicht gezocht tussen hoofd-hart-handen zodat een realistisch beeld gevormd kan worden over de eigen mogelijkheden en om tot de aanvaardig van de eigen ik te komen. Dit gebeurt d.m.v. cognitieve, affectieve en psychomotorische vorming.Nog een belangrijk punt is de stimulering van de nieuwsgierigheid. Het MPI biedt de kinderen ruime activiteiten aan en beschikt over heel wat materiaal om nieuwsgierigheid uit te lokken. Dit kan leiden tot een betere ontwikkeling van de intellectuele mogelijkheden.De kleuters die moeilijkheden ervaren worden steeds individueel benaderd om deze in de mate van het mogelijke te verhelpen.Naast deze individuele benaderingen zorgt het MPI Sterrebos ook voor speelleerklassen kleine structuurklassen die via spelen de kinderen iets bijbrengen.Goede leer- en werkattitudes (zoals vb. taakgerichtheid, afwerking, tempo, ) worden gentegreerd als voorbereiding op een volgend leerjaar. Dit is ook nodig om de wiskundige aspecten te bevorderen.In de structuurklassen wordt er typologie-overkoepelend gewerkt. Deze aangepaste manier van onderwijs is nodig om te leren omgaan met de triade van communicatieproblemen, het sociaal anders zijn en prob lemen met verbeelding.Kinderen met autisme zijn vooral visuele denkers, vandaar dat het MPI zeer veel werkt met pictogrammen en andere visualisaties. Om de kinderen zo goed mogelijk te onderwijzen is de aanpak van het MPI gestoeld op het TEACCH-programma.Verschillende ontwikkelingstypes bij de kleuter met autismeBij kleuters met autisme in het MPI komen vooral type 2 en type 4 voor.Kleuters van het type 2 kinderen zijn kinderen met een matige tot ernstige mentale retardatie. Ze hebben een IQ tussen 50 en 20. Kleuters van het type 4 zijn kleuters met motorische problemen, maar bij kinderen met autisme zijn die vaak psychomotorisch ten gevolge van hun autisme.Op de kleuterleeftijd kan nog geen type 1 vastgesteld worden, vandaar dat er enkel over type 2 gesproken wordt bij de kleuterleeftijd. Pas op latere leeftijd (lagere schoolkind) kan er meer gespecificeerd worden naar type 1 of type 2 na een intelligentietest.Deze typetoekenningen bij kleuters met autisme zijn vooral gebaseerd op die van het MPI Sterrebos en kunnen in vergelijking met andere scholen dus verschillen.2 Voorstelling MPI SterrebosHet Medisch Pedagogisch Instituut Sterrebos is buitengewoon basisonderwijs van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap voor kinderen van kleuter- en lagere schoolleeftijd. Deze onderwijsvorm is aangepast voor kinderen die zich niet kunnen handhaven in het gewoon onderwijs. In het MPI worden deze kinderen extra begeleid.Het MPI biedt onderwijs op kleuter- en lager onderwijsniveau, voor kinderen van 3 tot 13 jaar. Er wordt ondersteuning geboden voor type 1, 2, 4, 8 en voor kinderen met autismespectrumstoornissen. Op kleuterniveau kunnen we enkel de types 2 en 4 aanduiden en ASS. Er is een aangepast project voor kinderen met autisme De Leeuwtjes waarin getracht wordt het kind individueel te begeleiden met de nodige structuur en veiligheid. Het MPI werkt hiervoor multidisciplinair. Het onderwijs wordt steeds aangepast aan de opvoedingsbehoeften van de kinderen.Daarnaast is er het gentegreer d onderwijs waarbij sprake is van tijdelijke of blijvende (re)integratie van leerlingen van het BSO. Dit gebeurd op kleuter- en lager onderwijsniveau. Vanuit het MPIGO wordt er orthodidactische en paramedische begeleiding geboden.Binnen het MPIGO is er speciale aandacht voor de sociale vaardigheden (ik en de andere) en de metacognitieve aspecten (via spelend leren).Er zijn enkele belangrijke benaderingswijzen opgesteld voor kinderen met autisme.De eerste is het helpen bij het inzicht krijgen van de autismespectrumstoornis. Daarvoor wordt een werkmap gebruikt van Peter Vermeulen - - boek ik ben speciaal psycho-educatie, leren inzicht krijgen in autisme.Door Sherborne-activiteiten wordt de bewustwording van het eigen lichaam en de ruimte rondom in de hand gewerkt. Deze activiteiten worden gegeven door de kinesiste die zich bijschoolde.

Incident By Countee Cullen Essay -- Poetry Racism

Literary Appreciation 1- Incident by Countee Cullen Incident, is a meter that was written to make us as readers think, not only about racism but also about how one occasion can chuck up the sponge us to judge a race, or a place. Racism is an issue that plagues not only African-Americans but also other creeds, genders, and races. In this essay I will discuss the poem and the role that racism took within it, by using personal knowledge, the text, and obtained research.The poem in its self takes on a rhyme scheme that allows you the reader to feel the narrator, so that you can not only imagine that you were there, but you can also almost gather the same feelings as the narrator. In the begin he talks about how he first rode through Baltimore happy, and filled with glee. Unti...

Caribbean Society Essay -- Plantations Caribbean History Essays

Caribbean SocietyAn Essay on the Culture of Incarceration A suggestion was made, in the context of the classroom setting that an interesting appointee would be to question shoppers at a suburban mall about slavery in the Caribbean and to capture the solutions on videotape. An initial thought in response to this suggestion was to wonder just how one would go about eliciting any sort of meaningful response from a likely ill-informed and possibly disinterested company of consumers in central Connecticut on this subject. Obviously, to ask questions in survey fashion regarding which Caribbean Island the respondent might prefer to vacation at during these cold brook months would produce some informed opinions. That being the case, it seems only fair, even logical, that one should have some understanding of the nature of slavery that once existed there, from which its present state has emerged. Given the desirability and popularity of such vacation destinations, it would be of paramoun t insensitivity to not understand its history of slavery, the foundation of its society.A Society Imposed from atomic number 63 and AfricaThe arrival of Columbus and the Spanish at the end of the 15th century represented an economic consolation prize of sorts for failure to make the East India connection. The breakthrough of precious metals soon helped them forget the spices of the Orient, however, and the indigenous Arawak people were rapidly pressed into service in the mining of them. In subsequent decades, greater quantities of gold and particularly silver were found further west, in Mexico and Peru, and the imperial attentions shifted there. Left behind were the now Spanish controlled islands of the Caribbean to function primarily as provisions... ...ation arrangement was its capacity to regimentally control the activity of the overwhelming majority of the population in the service of monocrop production for export. The implications are that the degrading and dehumanizing nat ure of slavery was subinfeudated into the dependency of an entire islands population on the success of the plantation enterprise. Since nearly all suitable land was devoted to the plantation, usually sugar, importation of food was often required. This then translates into the lamentable reality that, while life as a slave on the plantation was an unbearable existence that portended a short life-expectancy, life outside of it may have an even less certain survival, particularly on the smaller, plantation-saturated islands such as Barbados. It is this entrapment that defined the masses of humanity residing in the Caribbean for several centuries.

Personal Essay: Prejudice -- Personal Narrative

I. BACKGROUNDThe location was a moderate to large surface city near the east coast ofMassachusetts. The city has a mix of all races and is diverse in its racialdistri more everywhereion. It is a city where most of the hatful are middle class workingfolks. While it is a moderate size city, it has few city problems such ashomelessness, poverty and violence.The year was 1992 and it was the summertime. It was really hot and humidat about 1130 at night and I was in a car driving around looking for somethingto do. It was a boring Tuesday night so I decided to go to a big video arcadehangout called Funworld. There is a subprogram of video games as well as youngpeople. The establishment is a large building with a large parking lot.I was with three early(a) people in the parking lot when we were approachedby a group of three former(a) gentlemen. I myself am a caucasian male chthonian 21years of age. Two of the people I was with were upperclass caucasian males alsounder the age of 21. The last person was also under 21 and male, but he was Afro-American. One of the caucasians was a close friend and another was anacquaintance. The African-American was also a friend of mine. Of the threegentlemen that approached us, two were hispanic males that appeared to be over21 and the other was a caucasian male that appeared over 21, although I couldntbe sure. Although I didnt want to make any judgements about them, they lookedas if they were gravely dressed and over 21. So I deduced that they were in agang or they were drug dealers, high school dropouts, etc..II.ACTIONAt first it appeared as if both groups would just pass by each otherunnoticed but the caucasian male in the other group made a racist remark aboutmy African-American friend. He said Look at those dumb dudes walking with thatfucking spade. My African-American Dave turned around suddenly and said Whatthe fuck did you say? The caucasian male retorted None of your fuckingbusiness dick At this point both groups appr oached each other and then myfriend Dave said You wanna go, in response the other kid said Lets go andshoved him in the chest. The other two of the caucasian males friends jumpedon top of Dave and then we all kind of got into a fight. We were mostly justpushing and shoving each other at first.After about a molybdenum of pushing... ...his fightalone was a melting pot of individuals. I think in my mind that the fat thatDan was white affected his decisions, not in a big way, but in some sort of way.I dont really know about the other three, but as for Chris and I, race affectedus in terms of white and hispanic because thats who we were mad at the most. Idont know why this would be the case, but it just was.I believe that African-American viewing this would wear felt the moststrongly. The event they would imbibe sen unfolding in front of them would havehurt a lot. They would have jumped in to assistant not only my friend Dave but alsoall of us because we were all trying to fight for the same thing out there.African-Americans also would have been puzzled as to why one white man would champion out a black man but not two. The way events unfolded would have made themthink twice.In an odd way I feel another thing that would have made people jump into help was the fact that a caucasian and an African-American were fighting foreach other . As much as we hate to admit it that is not a stab we see nearlyenough of in this day and age. Something has got to be done about itimmediately.